31/01: List of Muslim philosophers
SPECIAL FEATURE: ISLAMIC SCIENCE AHEAD OF ITS TIME
Exhibition at the KLCC (Details here)
A Muslim philosopher is a person that professes Islam and engaged in the philosophical aspect of Islamic studies, for example theology or eschatology and other fields of Islamic philosophy.
Abu Bakr, first Sunni Caliph after the prophet
Omar Bin Khattab, second sunni Caliph after the prophet
Othman Bin Affan, third sunni Caliph after the prophet
Ali - 599, fourth Caliph, and first Shii Imam
Ali ibn Abu Talib- 7th century- cousin and son-in law of the Prophet Muhammed(may Allah bless him and give him peace), first shia imam -completely versed in the Quraan by the age of 9-10 and extensively knowledgable in the natural sciences, composer of shia narration- the peak of eloquence
al-Husayn ibn 'Ali third Shi'i Imam and famed martyr at Karbala
Muhammad al Baqir
Jafar Sadiq - 702, Arab, Shia Imam
Musa al Kazim- shia Imam-a religious scholar descendant of the Prophet Muhammed
Ali ar Rida- grandson of the Prophet Muhammed, religious scholar
ibn al-Haitham - (965-1040) a twelver shia-"father of optics"- established the study of the Human eye and refraction if light through lenses
Muhammad Ya'qub Kulainy - 950, Sufficing fundaments (Usul al-Kafi)
Ibn Abbas - 619, Arab
Abdullah ibn Masoud - d. 652
Zayd ibn Thabit - pre-610
Sunni Muslim
Hassan al-Basri - (642 - 728 or 737)
Abu Hanifa an-Nu'man - 699
Ahmad ibn Hanbal - 780, Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal
Al-Khwarezmi, Algorism 770 Khwarezm - 840
Malik ibn Anas - 715, Al-Muwatta
Abu 'Abd Allah ash-Shafi'i - 767
Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Isma'eel al-Bukhari - 810, Sunni, Persian, Hadith, Sahih Bukhari Most trusted hadith collector in Sunni Islam
Imam Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj - 810, Sahih Muslim, , Persian
Abu Dawud as-Sidjistani, 817 (Basra) - 888, Sunan Abu Dawud, Persian, Hadith compiler
Al-Tirmidhi - 824, Jami at-Tirmidhi
Al-Nasa'i - 829 Hadith collection , Persian
Ibn Majah - 824 Persia Sunan ibn Majah
at-Tabarani - al-Mu'jam al-Kabeer
Ibn Qutaybah - (828-889)
Ibn Hisham - (d. 834)
ibn Jarir at-Tabari - 838, Sunni, Persian, multiple fields, Tarikh al-Tabari/Tafsir al-Tabari
Al-Ghazali - (1058-1111) Persian theologian and philosopher
Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, (1149–1209) Persian
Al-Nawawi - (1233-1278) Sharh Sahih Muslim, Riyadh as-Saaliheen, 40 Hadith Nawawi
ash-Shawkani
Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani - (1372-1449) Muhaddith author of al-Fath al-Baari and Bulugh al-Maram
Al-Qurtubi - d. 1273 Tafsir al-Qurtubi Andalusian
Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah - (1292-1350) Za'ad al-Ma'ad
al-Haafidh ibn Kathir - (1301-1373) Tafsir ibn Kathir
Al-Tahawi - (853-933) Egypt Aqeedah at-Tahawiyyah
Sibt ibn al-Jawzi - d. 1257
Ibn Hazm al-Andalusi, Ali ben Ahmed - 994 (Cordoba) – 1064, Andalusian philosopher
Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi - (1001 - 1072)
al-Hafidh ibn Rajab al-Hanbali - (1335-1392) Damascus
Al-Dhahabi - (1274-1348) Talkhis al-Mustadrak
Ibn Qudamah al-Maqdisi - (1147-1223) al-Mughni
Abd ar-Rahman ibn Naasir as-Saa'di - (1889-1956)
Shams-ul-haq Azeemabadi -1857 -1911, India, Author of Awn-ul-Mabood Sharh Sunan Abi Dawood
Hakim al-Nishaburi - 1014, Persian, Mustadrak al-Hakim
Al-Mawardi - 1058, Arab
Ali ibn Tahir al-Sulami - 1106
Ibn Ruschd, Mohammed ben Ahmed - Averroes 1126 - 1198, Sunni Maliki, Spain, multiple fields, The Incoherence of the Incoherence
Ali ibn al-Athir - 1160, The Complete History
Abul Fida Ismail Ibn Hamwi, 1273, Sunni Shafii (?), Syria, multiple fields, Tarikh Abul Fida
Ali ibn Abu Bakr al-Haythami - 13??, Majma al-Zawa'id
Ibn Khaldun - 1332, Historian
M. A. Muqtedar Khan - 1966 Political Philosopher and Western Muslim Intellectual
as-Suyuti - 1471, History of the Caliphs
Abdulhakim Arvasi - 1867
Badiuzzaman Said Nursi - 1877, Kurdish Turkish Islamic Scholar
Yaqub ibn Ishaq al-Kindi - 801, Arab, multiple fields
Ismail Al-Faruqi - 1921, Sunni, Palestina, philosopher
Ahmed Rida Khan- 1856
Muhammad Metwally Al Shaarawy - (1911-1998)
Yusuf al-Qaradawi - 1926
Imam Iskender Ali MIHR - 1933-Current
Al-Sheik Abdulmajeed Al-Zindini (Jammat Al-Iman In Yemen)
Fethullah Gulen - 1938, Turkish, Islamic Scholar
Abdullah Yusuf Azzam - 1941
Nasr Hamid Abu Zaid - 1943,
Khurshid Ahmad - 1932
Syed Abdullah Shah Naqshbandi - 1872-1964 Sunni Muhaddith of Deccan India
Ibn Hajar Al-Haythami - 909 AH Al-Sawa'iq al-Muhriqah
al-Muhadith Muhammad Nassir ad-Deen Al-Albani - (1914-1999)
Muhammad Yusuf Khandlawi - (1917 – 1965) India Sunni
Al-Juwayni - Fara'id al-Simtayn
Prof. Dr. Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri[1] (1951) Author of 300 books including Urdu translation of Quran [2]
Rashid Rida - (1865-1935) Syrian
Muhammad Rafi Usmani
Muhammad Taqi Usmani
Tawfique Chowdhury
Anwar Al Awlaki , Yemen
Huseyin Hilmi Isik (1911-2001) - Author of Seadet-i Ebediyye or the Endless Bliss
Omar Khayyám - 1048, Persia
Al-Khwarizmi - 800?, Persia
Amin Ahsan Islahi (1904–1997) - Author of Tadabbur-i-Qur’an
Nizam al-Mulk - (1018 – 1092) Persian Siyasatnama
Sheikh Muhammad Taqiuddin al-Nabhani
Shah waliullah
Shi'a Muslim
Abi Mekhnaf -died in 157 AH, 774 AD - Kufi
Mohammad ibn Ali (ibn-e Babuyeh) or (Shaikh Saduq) 927/928 - (306 -381 A.H.)
al-Sharif al-Radi - 970, compiler of the Peak of Eloquence (Nahj al-Balagha)
al-Sharif al-Murtada
al-Shaykh al-Mufid
Nasir al-Din Tusi - 1201, Shi'a, Persia, multiple fields, Zij-i ilkhani, one of the founders of Trigonometry.
Mulla Sadra - 1571, Shi'a, Persia, philosophy, Transcendent Theosophy, the greatest philosopher Persia has ever produced
Mir Damad - 16?? or 17??, Shia, Persia, philosophy, Taqwim al-Iman, founder of the Isfahan School
Allama Majlesi, 1689, Shia twelver, Iran, Oceans of Light (Bihar ul Anwar)
Avicenna or ibn Sina - 980, Persian, physicians, The Book of Healing, "the father of modern medicine"
Grand Ayatollah al-Shirazi - 1892, Shia twelver, Iran
Allameh Tabatabaei - 1892, Shia twelver, Iran, multiple fields, Tafsir al-Mizan
Allamah Rasheed Turabi 1908 - 1973
Ruhollah Khomeini - 1900, Shia twelver, Iran, the political and spiritual leader of the 1979 Islamic Revolution
Seyyed Hossein Nasr - 1933, Shia twelver, Iran, philosophy, [Shi'a Islam (Book)
Musa al-Sadr - Abducted in 1978
Morteza Motahhari - 1979 Iran
Husain Mohammad Jafri - Shia, Pakistan, The Origins and Early Development of Shi`a Islam
Ahmad ibn A'tham
Ali al-Sistani - Shia twelver, Iran-Iraq
Ahmad Reda
Shaykh Ahmad-i-Ahsa'i - Shia
Sayed Muhsin al-Hakim
Mohammed Baqir al-Hakim
Grand Ayatollah Borujerdi
Mohammad Salih al-Mazandarani - Shahr Usul al-Kafi
Mulla Sadra - Persia
Mughatil ibn Bakri
Muhammad al-Tijani
Hamid Dabashi - Expectation of the Millennium: Shi'ism in History
Ali Khamenei
Ali Shariati
Haji Karim Khan of Kirman [3]
Siyyid Kázim Rashtí
Sayed Muhsin al-Hakim
Mohammad Khatami
Mahmoud Khatami
Professor Abdul Hakeem
Prof.Waheed Akhtar: (1934-1996)
Sufi
Rabi'a al-Adawiya, aka Rabia Basri, 8th century, Basra, Persia [4]
Attar, Persia
Abusaeid Abolkheir, Persia
Junayd Baghdadi
Bayazid Bastami, Persia
Mansur Al-Hallaj, Persia
Abdul Qadir Jilani - Sunni Hanbali
Najmeddin Kubra, Persia
Dhu Nun al-Masri, 9th century, Nubia, Egypt
Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi - 1207, Persia, founder of the order of the derwishes
Al-Sakhawi, 831— 902
Nasreddin - 10?? -13??, Persia
Saadi - Persia
Al-Farabi - 870, Persian, multiple fields, Kitab al-Musiqa, one of the greatest scientists and philosophers of his time
Jami - 1414, Persian, multiple fields, Diwanha-i Sehganeh, the greatest Persian poet in the 15th century
Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas
Muhammad Ilyas - 1885
Justice Shaykh Muhammad Karam Shah al-Azhari - 1918-1998, Bhera, Pakistan
Shaykh Muhammad Imdad Hussain Pirzada
Shaykh Faiz-ul-Aqtab Siddiqi England
Hazrat Mujadid Abdul Wahab Siddiqi(1942-1994)England
Mutazilite
Wasil ibn Ata - 700, founder of the Mutazilite school of Islamic thought (Arab theology)
Abd al-Jabbar of Baghdad and Rayy ,325 AH/935 CE - 415 AH/1025 CE
Abu’l Husayn al-Basri died 478 AH/1085 CE, disciple then opponent of al-Jabbar, set out qualifications for a muslim scholar
Ibn Abu al-Hadid -Peak of Eloquence with comments
Zamakhshari - 1074, Persian
Masudi
Al-Jahiz - 776, Arab
Al-Jubba'i - 9??, Persian
Denomination Unknown
Mohammad Ibn Abd-al-Haq Ibn Sab’in, Spain
A. E. Souaiaia , University of Iowa , USA
Muhammad Iqbal, Pakistan
Javed Ahmed Ghamidi (1951—) - Author of Mizan
Men that converted to Islam
Roger Garaudy
Jeffrey Lang
Hamza Yusuf
Sherman Jackson
Yahya Michot
Marmaduke Pickthall -1875, England, The meaning of the Holy Qur'an
Michael Wolfe
Nuh Keller
Frithjof Schuon
Timothy Winter
Bilal Philips
Yusuf Estes
Ali Ibrahim Kalyanaraman
Zaid Shakir - American
Thomas McElwain
Gary Miller (Abdul-Ahad Omar) - Former Christian Missionary who embraced Islam
Abdul Ahad Davud
Muhammad Asad (Leopold Weiss born in July 1900 in the city of Lviv, now in Ukraine, died 1992) was a Jew who converted to Islam.
Martin Lings
Muslim philosophers of modern times
Seyyed Hossein Nasr
Morteza Motahhari
Ruhollah Khomeini
Musa al-Sadr
Controversial
This is a list of scholars of present and past that are not recognized as Muslims by the mainstream but profess to be Muslims as part of groups and small sects that deviate from the mainstream.
Ibn al-Rawandi
Abd-Allah ibn Ibadh
Asra Q. Nomani
Elijah Muhammad
Rashad Khalifa - proclaimed himself to be the Messenger of the Covenant of 3:81
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad 1835-1908 - proclaimed to be the Promised Reformer (Mahdi) and the Messiah
Orientalists/Non-Muslims
George Sale - 1697
Charles Mills - 1788, England
William Muir - 1819, England
Ignaz Goldziher - 1850, Hungarian
David Samuel Margoliouth - 1858, England, Mohammed and the Rise of Islam
Henri Lammens - 1862, French, Islam: Beliefs and Institutions
Philip Khuri Hitti - 1886, Lebanon
Maxime Rodinson - 1915, French
Leone Caetani - 1869, Italian, Annali dell' Islam
Wilferd Madelung - 1930, Germany, The Succession to Muhammad, Shia point of view
Okawa Shumei - 1886, Japanese
Karen Armstrong - 1944, England, Muhammad: a Biography of the Prophet
William Chittick - United States, Sufi point of view
Cornell Fleischer - United States, Kanuni Suleyman Professor of Ottoman and Modern Turkish Studies
Geraldine de Gaury - Rulers of Mecca
Betty Kelen - Muhammad, The Messenger of God
Francis E. Peters - Muhammad and the Origins of Islam
William Montgomery Watt
Báb - proclaimed prophethood, started a new religion and stated he abrogated Islam
Elijah Muhammad - Started the Nation of Islam movement and proclaimed prophethood
Fred M. Donner
Alfred Guillaume
Arthur John Arberry
Ehsan Yarshater (Bahá'í, with Iranian-Jewish family background)
Dr. Ian K. A. Howard
John L. Esposito - 1940, Editor-in-chief of The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World
Louis Massignon (1883–1962), French scholar of Islam
Margaret Smith, author of Rabi'a the Mystic and her Fellow-Saints in Islam, 1928
John Woods, - United States Professor of Iranian and Central Asian History, and of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations
Malika Zeghal, author and professor of the anthropology and sociology of Islam
Exhibition at the KLCC (Details here)
A Muslim philosopher is a person that professes Islam and engaged in the philosophical aspect of Islamic studies, for example theology or eschatology and other fields of Islamic philosophy.
Abu Bakr, first Sunni Caliph after the prophet
Omar Bin Khattab, second sunni Caliph after the prophet
Othman Bin Affan, third sunni Caliph after the prophet
Ali - 599, fourth Caliph, and first Shii Imam
Ali ibn Abu Talib- 7th century- cousin and son-in law of the Prophet Muhammed(may Allah bless him and give him peace), first shia imam -completely versed in the Quraan by the age of 9-10 and extensively knowledgable in the natural sciences, composer of shia narration- the peak of eloquence
al-Husayn ibn 'Ali third Shi'i Imam and famed martyr at Karbala
Muhammad al Baqir
Jafar Sadiq - 702, Arab, Shia Imam
Musa al Kazim- shia Imam-a religious scholar descendant of the Prophet Muhammed
Ali ar Rida- grandson of the Prophet Muhammed, religious scholar
ibn al-Haitham - (965-1040) a twelver shia-"father of optics"- established the study of the Human eye and refraction if light through lenses
Muhammad Ya'qub Kulainy - 950, Sufficing fundaments (Usul al-Kafi)
Ibn Abbas - 619, Arab
Abdullah ibn Masoud - d. 652
Zayd ibn Thabit - pre-610
Sunni Muslim
Hassan al-Basri - (642 - 728 or 737)
Abu Hanifa an-Nu'man - 699
Ahmad ibn Hanbal - 780, Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal
Al-Khwarezmi, Algorism 770 Khwarezm - 840
Malik ibn Anas - 715, Al-Muwatta
Abu 'Abd Allah ash-Shafi'i - 767
Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Isma'eel al-Bukhari - 810, Sunni, Persian, Hadith, Sahih Bukhari Most trusted hadith collector in Sunni Islam
Imam Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj - 810, Sahih Muslim, , Persian
Abu Dawud as-Sidjistani, 817 (Basra) - 888, Sunan Abu Dawud, Persian, Hadith compiler
Al-Tirmidhi - 824, Jami at-Tirmidhi
Al-Nasa'i - 829 Hadith collection , Persian
Ibn Majah - 824 Persia Sunan ibn Majah
at-Tabarani - al-Mu'jam al-Kabeer
Ibn Qutaybah - (828-889)
Ibn Hisham - (d. 834)
ibn Jarir at-Tabari - 838, Sunni, Persian, multiple fields, Tarikh al-Tabari/Tafsir al-Tabari
Al-Ghazali - (1058-1111) Persian theologian and philosopher
Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, (1149–1209) Persian
Al-Nawawi - (1233-1278) Sharh Sahih Muslim, Riyadh as-Saaliheen, 40 Hadith Nawawi
ash-Shawkani
Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani - (1372-1449) Muhaddith author of al-Fath al-Baari and Bulugh al-Maram
Al-Qurtubi - d. 1273 Tafsir al-Qurtubi Andalusian
Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah - (1292-1350) Za'ad al-Ma'ad
al-Haafidh ibn Kathir - (1301-1373) Tafsir ibn Kathir
Al-Tahawi - (853-933) Egypt Aqeedah at-Tahawiyyah
Sibt ibn al-Jawzi - d. 1257
Ibn Hazm al-Andalusi, Ali ben Ahmed - 994 (Cordoba) – 1064, Andalusian philosopher
Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi - (1001 - 1072)
al-Hafidh ibn Rajab al-Hanbali - (1335-1392) Damascus
Al-Dhahabi - (1274-1348) Talkhis al-Mustadrak
Ibn Qudamah al-Maqdisi - (1147-1223) al-Mughni
Abd ar-Rahman ibn Naasir as-Saa'di - (1889-1956)
Shams-ul-haq Azeemabadi -1857 -1911, India, Author of Awn-ul-Mabood Sharh Sunan Abi Dawood
Hakim al-Nishaburi - 1014, Persian, Mustadrak al-Hakim
Al-Mawardi - 1058, Arab
Ali ibn Tahir al-Sulami - 1106
Ibn Ruschd, Mohammed ben Ahmed - Averroes 1126 - 1198, Sunni Maliki, Spain, multiple fields, The Incoherence of the Incoherence
Ali ibn al-Athir - 1160, The Complete History
Abul Fida Ismail Ibn Hamwi, 1273, Sunni Shafii (?), Syria, multiple fields, Tarikh Abul Fida
Ali ibn Abu Bakr al-Haythami - 13??, Majma al-Zawa'id
Ibn Khaldun - 1332, Historian
M. A. Muqtedar Khan - 1966 Political Philosopher and Western Muslim Intellectual
as-Suyuti - 1471, History of the Caliphs
Abdulhakim Arvasi - 1867
Badiuzzaman Said Nursi - 1877, Kurdish Turkish Islamic Scholar
Yaqub ibn Ishaq al-Kindi - 801, Arab, multiple fields
Ismail Al-Faruqi - 1921, Sunni, Palestina, philosopher
Ahmed Rida Khan- 1856
Muhammad Metwally Al Shaarawy - (1911-1998)
Yusuf al-Qaradawi - 1926
Imam Iskender Ali MIHR - 1933-Current
Al-Sheik Abdulmajeed Al-Zindini (Jammat Al-Iman In Yemen)
Fethullah Gulen - 1938, Turkish, Islamic Scholar
Abdullah Yusuf Azzam - 1941
Nasr Hamid Abu Zaid - 1943,
Khurshid Ahmad - 1932
Syed Abdullah Shah Naqshbandi - 1872-1964 Sunni Muhaddith of Deccan India
Ibn Hajar Al-Haythami - 909 AH Al-Sawa'iq al-Muhriqah
al-Muhadith Muhammad Nassir ad-Deen Al-Albani - (1914-1999)
Muhammad Yusuf Khandlawi - (1917 – 1965) India Sunni
Al-Juwayni - Fara'id al-Simtayn
Prof. Dr. Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri[1] (1951) Author of 300 books including Urdu translation of Quran [2]
Rashid Rida - (1865-1935) Syrian
Muhammad Rafi Usmani
Muhammad Taqi Usmani
Tawfique Chowdhury
Anwar Al Awlaki , Yemen
Huseyin Hilmi Isik (1911-2001) - Author of Seadet-i Ebediyye or the Endless Bliss
Omar Khayyám - 1048, Persia
Al-Khwarizmi - 800?, Persia
Amin Ahsan Islahi (1904–1997) - Author of Tadabbur-i-Qur’an
Nizam al-Mulk - (1018 – 1092) Persian Siyasatnama
Sheikh Muhammad Taqiuddin al-Nabhani
Shah waliullah
Shi'a Muslim
Abi Mekhnaf -died in 157 AH, 774 AD - Kufi
Mohammad ibn Ali (ibn-e Babuyeh) or (Shaikh Saduq) 927/928 - (306 -381 A.H.)
al-Sharif al-Radi - 970, compiler of the Peak of Eloquence (Nahj al-Balagha)
al-Sharif al-Murtada
al-Shaykh al-Mufid
Nasir al-Din Tusi - 1201, Shi'a, Persia, multiple fields, Zij-i ilkhani, one of the founders of Trigonometry.
Mulla Sadra - 1571, Shi'a, Persia, philosophy, Transcendent Theosophy, the greatest philosopher Persia has ever produced
Mir Damad - 16?? or 17??, Shia, Persia, philosophy, Taqwim al-Iman, founder of the Isfahan School
Allama Majlesi, 1689, Shia twelver, Iran, Oceans of Light (Bihar ul Anwar)
Avicenna or ibn Sina - 980, Persian, physicians, The Book of Healing, "the father of modern medicine"
Grand Ayatollah al-Shirazi - 1892, Shia twelver, Iran
Allameh Tabatabaei - 1892, Shia twelver, Iran, multiple fields, Tafsir al-Mizan
Allamah Rasheed Turabi 1908 - 1973
Ruhollah Khomeini - 1900, Shia twelver, Iran, the political and spiritual leader of the 1979 Islamic Revolution
Seyyed Hossein Nasr - 1933, Shia twelver, Iran, philosophy, [Shi'a Islam (Book)
Musa al-Sadr - Abducted in 1978
Morteza Motahhari - 1979 Iran
Husain Mohammad Jafri - Shia, Pakistan, The Origins and Early Development of Shi`a Islam
Ahmad ibn A'tham
Ali al-Sistani - Shia twelver, Iran-Iraq
Ahmad Reda
Shaykh Ahmad-i-Ahsa'i - Shia
Sayed Muhsin al-Hakim
Mohammed Baqir al-Hakim
Grand Ayatollah Borujerdi
Mohammad Salih al-Mazandarani - Shahr Usul al-Kafi
Mulla Sadra - Persia
Mughatil ibn Bakri
Muhammad al-Tijani
Hamid Dabashi - Expectation of the Millennium: Shi'ism in History
Ali Khamenei
Ali Shariati
Haji Karim Khan of Kirman [3]
Siyyid Kázim Rashtí
Sayed Muhsin al-Hakim
Mohammad Khatami
Mahmoud Khatami
Professor Abdul Hakeem
Prof.Waheed Akhtar: (1934-1996)
Sufi
Rabi'a al-Adawiya, aka Rabia Basri, 8th century, Basra, Persia [4]
Attar, Persia
Abusaeid Abolkheir, Persia
Junayd Baghdadi
Bayazid Bastami, Persia
Mansur Al-Hallaj, Persia
Abdul Qadir Jilani - Sunni Hanbali
Najmeddin Kubra, Persia
Dhu Nun al-Masri, 9th century, Nubia, Egypt
Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi - 1207, Persia, founder of the order of the derwishes
Al-Sakhawi, 831— 902
Nasreddin - 10?? -13??, Persia
Saadi - Persia
Al-Farabi - 870, Persian, multiple fields, Kitab al-Musiqa, one of the greatest scientists and philosophers of his time
Jami - 1414, Persian, multiple fields, Diwanha-i Sehganeh, the greatest Persian poet in the 15th century
Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas
Muhammad Ilyas - 1885
Justice Shaykh Muhammad Karam Shah al-Azhari - 1918-1998, Bhera, Pakistan
Shaykh Muhammad Imdad Hussain Pirzada
Shaykh Faiz-ul-Aqtab Siddiqi England
Hazrat Mujadid Abdul Wahab Siddiqi(1942-1994)England
Mutazilite
Wasil ibn Ata - 700, founder of the Mutazilite school of Islamic thought (Arab theology)
Abd al-Jabbar of Baghdad and Rayy ,325 AH/935 CE - 415 AH/1025 CE
Abu’l Husayn al-Basri died 478 AH/1085 CE, disciple then opponent of al-Jabbar, set out qualifications for a muslim scholar
Ibn Abu al-Hadid -Peak of Eloquence with comments
Zamakhshari - 1074, Persian
Masudi
Al-Jahiz - 776, Arab
Al-Jubba'i - 9??, Persian
Denomination Unknown
Mohammad Ibn Abd-al-Haq Ibn Sab’in, Spain
A. E. Souaiaia , University of Iowa , USA
Muhammad Iqbal, Pakistan
Javed Ahmed Ghamidi (1951—) - Author of Mizan
Men that converted to Islam
Roger Garaudy
Jeffrey Lang
Hamza Yusuf
Sherman Jackson
Yahya Michot
Marmaduke Pickthall -1875, England, The meaning of the Holy Qur'an
Michael Wolfe
Nuh Keller
Frithjof Schuon
Timothy Winter
Bilal Philips
Yusuf Estes
Ali Ibrahim Kalyanaraman
Zaid Shakir - American
Thomas McElwain
Gary Miller (Abdul-Ahad Omar) - Former Christian Missionary who embraced Islam
Abdul Ahad Davud
Muhammad Asad (Leopold Weiss born in July 1900 in the city of Lviv, now in Ukraine, died 1992) was a Jew who converted to Islam.
Martin Lings
Muslim philosophers of modern times
Seyyed Hossein Nasr
Morteza Motahhari
Ruhollah Khomeini
Musa al-Sadr
Controversial
This is a list of scholars of present and past that are not recognized as Muslims by the mainstream but profess to be Muslims as part of groups and small sects that deviate from the mainstream.
Ibn al-Rawandi
Abd-Allah ibn Ibadh
Asra Q. Nomani
Elijah Muhammad
Rashad Khalifa - proclaimed himself to be the Messenger of the Covenant of 3:81
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad 1835-1908 - proclaimed to be the Promised Reformer (Mahdi) and the Messiah
Orientalists/Non-Muslims
George Sale - 1697
Charles Mills - 1788, England
William Muir - 1819, England
Ignaz Goldziher - 1850, Hungarian
David Samuel Margoliouth - 1858, England, Mohammed and the Rise of Islam
Henri Lammens - 1862, French, Islam: Beliefs and Institutions
Philip Khuri Hitti - 1886, Lebanon
Maxime Rodinson - 1915, French
Leone Caetani - 1869, Italian, Annali dell' Islam
Wilferd Madelung - 1930, Germany, The Succession to Muhammad, Shia point of view
Okawa Shumei - 1886, Japanese
Karen Armstrong - 1944, England, Muhammad: a Biography of the Prophet
William Chittick - United States, Sufi point of view
Cornell Fleischer - United States, Kanuni Suleyman Professor of Ottoman and Modern Turkish Studies
Geraldine de Gaury - Rulers of Mecca
Betty Kelen - Muhammad, The Messenger of God
Francis E. Peters - Muhammad and the Origins of Islam
William Montgomery Watt
Báb - proclaimed prophethood, started a new religion and stated he abrogated Islam
Elijah Muhammad - Started the Nation of Islam movement and proclaimed prophethood
Fred M. Donner
Alfred Guillaume
Arthur John Arberry
Ehsan Yarshater (Bahá'í, with Iranian-Jewish family background)
Dr. Ian K. A. Howard
John L. Esposito - 1940, Editor-in-chief of The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World
Louis Massignon (1883–1962), French scholar of Islam
Margaret Smith, author of Rabi'a the Mystic and her Fellow-Saints in Islam, 1928
John Woods, - United States Professor of Iranian and Central Asian History, and of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations
Malika Zeghal, author and professor of the anthropology and sociology of Islam
29/01: List of Islamic historians
SPECIAL FEATURE: ISLAMIC SCIENCE AHEAD OF ITS TIME
Exhibition at the KLCC (Details here)
The historians of the formative period
First class: 700-750
Urwah ibn Zubayr (died in 712 CE)
Al-Zuhri (died in 742 CE)
Second class: 750-800
Ibn Ishaq(d. 761) - Known for Sirat Rasul Allah or The Life of the Apostle of God
Abi Mikhnaf (d. 157 AH - 774 CE) - Known for Maqtal Al-Husayn
Sayf ibn Umar (d. 796)
Third class: 800-860
Al-Haysam ibn Adi (d. 882)
Al-Waqidi (d. 207 A.H./823CE) - Noted for Kitab Al Tarikh wa Al Maghazi (Book of History and Battles).
Al-Madaini (d. 830-850)
Ibn Hisham (d. 835)
Ibn Sa'd (d. 845)
Khalifa ibn Khayyat (d. 854)
Fourth class: 860-900
Umar ibn Shabba (d. 878)
Dinwari (d. 891) - - Known for Akbar Altewal
Baladhuri (d. 892)
Fifth class: 900-950
Ya'qubi (d. 900) - He wrote Tarikh al-Yaqubi
Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari(838CE - 923CE) - He wrote a history work on Prophets and Kings.
Ibn A'tham (d. 314/926-27) - He wrote Alfutuh (Robinson hasn't mentioned his name.)
The historians of the classical period
Iraq and Iran
Mas'udi (d. 955)
Sabit ibn Sinan Al-Sabi (d. 976)
Ibn Miskawayh (d. 1030)
Al-Utbi (d. 1036)
Hilal ibn Al-Muhassin Al-Sabi (d. 1055)
Al-Khatib Al-Baqdadi (d. 1071)
Beyhaqi (995-1077) He wrote Tarikh-e Mas'oudi ("Masoudian History", also known as "Tarikh-e Beyhaghi").
Abu Ishaq Al-Shirazi (d. 1083)
Ibn Al-Imrani (d. 1184)
Abu-al-Faraj ibn Al-Jawzi (d. 1201)
Ibn Al-Sa'i (d. 1276)
Ibn Al-Fuwati (d. 1323)
Andalus, Maghreb, Egypt and Syria
Al-Musabbihi (d. 1030)
Ibn Hazm (d. 1063)
Ibn Abd Al-Barr (d. 1071)
Al-Qadi Iyad (d.1149)
Ibn Al-Qalanisi (d. 1160)
Ibn Asaqir (d. 1176)
Imad Al-Din Al-Isfahani (d. 1201)
Ali ibn al-Athir(1160 - 1231) - He wrote Al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh
Baha Al-Din ibn Shaddad (d. 1235)
Al-Kalabi (d.1237)
Sibt ibn al-Jawzi (d. 1256)
Ibn Al-Adim (d. 1262)
Abu Shama (d. 1267)
Ibn Khallikan (d. 1282)
Ibn Abd Al-Zahir (d. 1292)
Baybars Al-Mansuri (d. 1325)
Abu Al-Fida (d. 1331)
Al-Nuwayri (d. 1332)
Al-Mizzi (d. 1341)
Al-Dhahabi (d. 1348)
Ibn Al-dawadari
Al-Safadi (d. 1363)
Ibn Kathir (d. 1373)
Ibn Al-Furat (d. 1405)
Ibn Khaldun (May 27, 1332/A.H. 732 to March 19, 1406/A.H. 808) - He wrote Muqaddimah and Al-Ebar
Al-Maqrizi (d. 1442)
Ibn Hajr Al-Asqalani (d. 1449)
Al-Ayni (d. 1451)
Al-Saqhawi (d. 1497)
Al-Suyuti (d. 1505)
Exhibition at the KLCC (Details here)
The historians of the formative period
First class: 700-750
Urwah ibn Zubayr (died in 712 CE)
Al-Zuhri (died in 742 CE)
Second class: 750-800
Ibn Ishaq(d. 761) - Known for Sirat Rasul Allah or The Life of the Apostle of God
Abi Mikhnaf (d. 157 AH - 774 CE) - Known for Maqtal Al-Husayn
Sayf ibn Umar (d. 796)
Third class: 800-860
Al-Haysam ibn Adi (d. 882)
Al-Waqidi (d. 207 A.H./823CE) - Noted for Kitab Al Tarikh wa Al Maghazi (Book of History and Battles).
Al-Madaini (d. 830-850)
Ibn Hisham (d. 835)
Ibn Sa'd (d. 845)
Khalifa ibn Khayyat (d. 854)
Fourth class: 860-900
Umar ibn Shabba (d. 878)
Dinwari (d. 891) - - Known for Akbar Altewal
Baladhuri (d. 892)
Fifth class: 900-950
Ya'qubi (d. 900) - He wrote Tarikh al-Yaqubi
Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari(838CE - 923CE) - He wrote a history work on Prophets and Kings.
Ibn A'tham (d. 314/926-27) - He wrote Alfutuh (Robinson hasn't mentioned his name.)
The historians of the classical period
Iraq and Iran
Mas'udi (d. 955)
Sabit ibn Sinan Al-Sabi (d. 976)
Ibn Miskawayh (d. 1030)
Al-Utbi (d. 1036)
Hilal ibn Al-Muhassin Al-Sabi (d. 1055)
Al-Khatib Al-Baqdadi (d. 1071)
Beyhaqi (995-1077) He wrote Tarikh-e Mas'oudi ("Masoudian History", also known as "Tarikh-e Beyhaghi").
Abu Ishaq Al-Shirazi (d. 1083)
Ibn Al-Imrani (d. 1184)
Abu-al-Faraj ibn Al-Jawzi (d. 1201)
Ibn Al-Sa'i (d. 1276)
Ibn Al-Fuwati (d. 1323)
Andalus, Maghreb, Egypt and Syria
Al-Musabbihi (d. 1030)
Ibn Hazm (d. 1063)
Ibn Abd Al-Barr (d. 1071)
Al-Qadi Iyad (d.1149)
Ibn Al-Qalanisi (d. 1160)
Ibn Asaqir (d. 1176)
Imad Al-Din Al-Isfahani (d. 1201)
Ali ibn al-Athir(1160 - 1231) - He wrote Al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh
Baha Al-Din ibn Shaddad (d. 1235)
Al-Kalabi (d.1237)
Sibt ibn al-Jawzi (d. 1256)
Ibn Al-Adim (d. 1262)
Abu Shama (d. 1267)
Ibn Khallikan (d. 1282)
Ibn Abd Al-Zahir (d. 1292)
Baybars Al-Mansuri (d. 1325)
Abu Al-Fida (d. 1331)
Al-Nuwayri (d. 1332)
Al-Mizzi (d. 1341)
Al-Dhahabi (d. 1348)
Ibn Al-dawadari
Al-Safadi (d. 1363)
Ibn Kathir (d. 1373)
Ibn Al-Furat (d. 1405)
Ibn Khaldun (May 27, 1332/A.H. 732 to March 19, 1406/A.H. 808) - He wrote Muqaddimah and Al-Ebar
Al-Maqrizi (d. 1442)
Ibn Hajr Al-Asqalani (d. 1449)
Al-Ayni (d. 1451)
Al-Saqhawi (d. 1497)
Al-Suyuti (d. 1505)
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